The war in the Middle East is unlikely to severely impact the global economy unless it becomes protracted or oil prices rise significantly from current levels. However, uncertainty is high, which in itself negatively affects both business leader and consumer confidence.
The overall impact of the Middle East conflict on activity in the Norwegian economy is likely to be limited. Even so, the outlook is somewhat weaker than in previous forecasts because of higher, not lower, interest rates.
The Finnish economy has finally returned to broad-based growth, with both private consumption and industrial output picking up. Growth is also beginning to support the labour market and public finances. However, higher energy prices and rising interest rates in the wake of the Middle East crisis are expected to weigh on economic activity later in the year.
Sweden is on a solid footing and can withstand several of the challenges arising from the war in the Middle East. A favourable circumstance is the low inflation rate this year. Uncertainty is high. A key factor will be how long the Strait of Hormuz remains closed.
The Middle East war and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz disrupt energy and supply chains and weaken confidence. We therefore downgrade our global growth forecast, while central banks face rising price pressures.
The Swedish employment rate is among the highest in Europe, yet unemployment is close to 9%, according to the Labour Force Survey. There are strong reasons to take a more nuanced view of unemployment and shift the focus to register-based measures.
Despite trade tensions and geopolitical turmoil, Danish exports have surged in recent years. Much of this growth stems from exports of goods produced outside Denmark’s borders.
Households have regained confidence, and conditions are in place for consumption to substantially increase. The export industry has weathered several global challenges, and the outlook is healthy. The unemployment rate is set to fall to 5%, according to the new BAS measure.
The global economic outlook has continued to be rather stable, despite geopolitical uncertainty. However, the level of uncertainty continues to be high, and the confidence among corporates and households is repeatedly tested.
In a world of political uncertainty, the Danish economy is well positioned to handle future challenges. The foundation lies in the labour market, where record-high employment helps ensure robust public finances.
Chief economist: Strong growth in the Nordic countries over the coming years
The global economy was characterised by a high degree of resilience in a tumultuous 2025, with the prospect of renewed growth in 2026. However, there are significant risks are associated with the unpredictable geopolitical situation.